Retail digital payments are growing, but the country needs to implement further payment and financial inclusion reforms before a retail CBDC will be needed.
The project will be led by an intersectoral domestic team, Diokno said, as well as “external advisers from international standard-setting bodies and multilateral institutions to build on trainings and knowledge sharing on CBDC development and implementation all over the world.” Diokno called the project “critical in constructing the BSP’s medium to long-term roadmap for more advanced wholesale CBDC projects that will further strengthen the Philippine payment system.”
A presentation prepared in advance of the roundtable stated, “There is minimal perceived added value for the use of retail CBDC in the Philippines given the progress in the implementation of retail payment and financial inclusion reforms.” It noted that about 20.1% of monthly retail payments volume was in digital form at the end of 2020, up from 10% in 2018 and 1% in 2013. All government salaries are paid digitally.
The central bank foresees using the wholesale CBDC for cross-border payments, equity securities payments and intraday liquidity facility (ILF). At present, ILF is not fully automated. The Financial Action Task Force recently identified the Philippines as having inadequate Combating the Financing of Terrorism (CFT) and Anti-Money Laundering (AML) standards.
The country took its first steps toward a CBDC last year with the release of an exploratory study. It also signed memoranda of understanding on information exchange and capacity building with the Monetary Authority of Singapore and Central Bank of Mauritius in the areas of digital currency, fintech and Islamic banking and took part in a Bank for International Settlements study on the role of CBDCs in financial inclusion.
The Group of 24, which has grown to 28 members since its founding plus China as a “special invitee,” coordinates “the position of developing countries on monetary and development issues,” according to its website.
The Philippines will pursue a wholesale central bank digital currency pilot project, to be called Project CBDCPh, Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas governor Benjamin E. Diokno announced Wednesday. Diokno spoke about the project last week at a roundtable of the 14th Annual Group of 24/Alliance for Financial Inclusion Policymakers held at the International Monetary Fund-World Bank Spring Meetings in Washington, DC.
